Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV)

Pronunciation: bicuspid (bi KUS pid) aortic (ay OR tic)

What is BAV?

A normal aortic valve has 3 cusps or leaflets. A bicuspid aortic valve only has 2 leaflets. The leaflet tissue may also be very thick. It is the most common congenital heart defect.

What are the symptoms and health risks?

A BAV does not open and close like a normal aortic valve. Because of this, the valve can get blocked (stenosis) or leak (regurgitation). 

A BAV may direct the blood flow toward the front and right side of the aorta. This increases the risk of an enlarged aorta. An enlarged aorta can cause an aortic aneurysm, a tear in the aorta (dissection), or a rupture. 

How is it treated?

Treatment will depend on how well the valve works. Your child will have routine visits with a cardiologist. The cardiologist will see how well the valve is working and look for any problems. The cardiologist will also explain what to expect and how to care for your child at home. 

With BAV, it is important to keep the blood pressure steady. Your child may need to avoid certain heavy exercises.